Introduction To Paris Agreement

September 24, 2021

The Paris Agreement [3] is an agreement within the UNFCCC (UNFCCC) on the reduction, adaptation and financing of greenhouse gas emissions, signed in 2016. The language of the agreement was negotiated by representatives of 196 States Parties at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC at Le Bourget, near Paris, France, and adopted by consensus on 12 December 2015. [4] [5] Until February 2020, the 196 members of the UNFCCC signed the agreement and 189 became parties to the agreement. [1] Of the seven countries that are not parties to the law, the only major emitters are Iran and Turkey. Prof. John Shepherd, from the National Oceanographic Centre at the University of Southampton, says the agreement contains some welcome aspirations, but few people know how difficult it will be to achieve the goals. The desire for a more ambitious target was maintained in the agreement, with the promise to further limit global temperatures to 1.5°C. The agreement stipulates that it would only enter into force (and therefore fully operational) if 55 countries emitting at least 55% of global greenhouse gas emissions (according to a list established in 2015) [65] ratify, accept, approve or accede to the agreement. [66] [67] On April 1, 2016, the United States and China, which together account for nearly 40% of global emissions, made a joint statement confirming that the two countries would sign the Paris climate agreement. [68] [69] 175 parties (174 states and the European Union) signed the agreement on the first day of its entry for signature. [59] [70] On the same day, more than 20 countries made a declaration of intention to accede as soon as possible in order to accede in 2016. With ratification by the European Union, the agreement obtained enough parts to enter into force on 4 November 2016.

For the first time in history, the agreement brings all the nations of the world together in a single agreement to combat climate change. On August 4, 2017, the Trump administration officially communicated to the United Nations that the United States intended to withdraw from the Paris Agreement as soon as it had the legal right to do so. [79] The withdrawal request could only be filed when the agreement for the United States entered into force on November 4, 2019 for a three-year sentence. [80] [81] On November 27, 2019, the U.S. government deposited the withdrawal notification with the United Nations Secretary-General, depositary of the agreement, and formally withdrew from the Paris Climate Agreement a year later, when the withdrawal entered into force. [82] After the November 2020 election, President-elect Joe Biden pledged to reinstate the United States in the Paris Agreement on his first day in office and to renew America`s commitment to mitigate climate change. [83] [84] The quality of each country on track to meet its obligations under the Paris Agreement can be continuously monitored online (through the Climate Action Tracker[95] and the Climate Clock). To date, 22 out of 197 parties have ratified the agreement, representing only 1.08% of global greenhouse gas emissions. .

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