While there is an earlier treaty, known as the Treaty of Mesilim, between the Mesopotamian cities of Umma and Lagash, dated 2550 BC, the scientific consensus opposes it as an actual peace treaty and defines it as a delimitation treaty (i.e. a treaty setting limits or boundaries). As the Treaty of Mesilim is in fact a written agreement between the gods umMa and Lagash and not between the rulers of the city or the representatives of these rulers, it cannot be considered a true peace treaty. The Treaty of Kadesch of 1258 BC. J.-C. honors the first peace treaty in the world. An official peace treaty with Hatttouili III, the new king of the Hethians,[3] about 15 years after the Battle of Kadash and in the 21st year of the reign of Ramses II (1258 BC in conventional chronology), finally ended ongoing border conflicts. The contract was written on a silver plate, a sound copy of which has survived in the Hethite capital, Hattusa, now in Turkey, and is on display at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. An enlarged reproduction of the agreement hangs on a wall at UN headquarters, as the first international peace treaty known to historians. [3] His text in the hechtische version appears in the following links. An Egyptian version survives on a papyrus. [Citation required] Anthony Spalinger: I`m afraid there`s no official title outside of the definition of what the agreement was, which is a "treaty." However, no additional nomenclature was indicated.

But a parity contract: a contract between two equal parties. Despite some clauses, the remaining hectic contracts are all unequal - that is, the heraldic king is superior to the other country (country, vassal, etc.). A second clause encouraged the alliance by providing assistance, most likely militarily, if one of the parties was attacked by a third party or by internal forces of the rebellion or insurrection. [33] The other provisions coincide with Hattušiliš`s goals (cf. section Of Hethiter`s Goals), as the Hethite ruler attached great importance to establishing the legitimacy of his reign. Each country swore to the other to extradite political refugees to its country of origin and, in the hethic version of the treaty, Ramses II agreed to support Hattušiliš`s successor to maintain the Hethite throne against dissidents. [33] [34] At the end of the provision on the extradition of emigrants to their country of origin, the two leaders call on the respective gods hatti and Egypt to testify to their consent. The involvement of the gods is a common feature in important parts of international law, as only a direct appeal to the gods could offer the appropriate means to ensure compliance with the treaty. [35] Their known ability to give curses and blessings to people was a heavy penalty that would be imposed in case of violation. Donbaz: The Hethians were in frequent contact with Egypt (especially for medicine and treatment); they had their contact with a foreign language, and so it is a well-known fact that they had taken over the Babylonian script in their diplomatic and varied relations, although the Altassyrian script was very well known at that time and used in Kültepe, Alişar and Boğazköy. . .

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